Hello To, All My Readers Followers and Blogging Friends ❤
Hope you all have started the New Year well and in Good Health. I thought of writing about Psychology of Happiness very fitting to begin the New Year,
Happiness, in psychology, a state of emotional well-being that a person experiences either in a narrow sense, when good things happen in a specific moment, or more broadly, as a positive evaluation of one's life and accomplishments overall—that is, subjective well-being. Happiness and also from other positive emotions (such as affection, excitement, and interest). This emotion often co-occurs with a specific facial expression: the smile.
The different meanings
People from around the world tend to have a similar concept of happiness and can recognize happiness in others. As a result, the specific emotion of happiness is often included as one of a small number of basic emotions that cannot be broken down into more fundamental emotions and that may combine to form other, more complex emotions (in fact, it is sometimes the only positive emotion that is considered to be basic). Thus, happiness is an important concept for researchers who study.
An entire field of research has developed around the more inclusive concept of subjective well-being, which is characterized by a broad collection of happiness. As one might expect, people who are happy in this way tend to experience frequent positive emotions. This broader form of happiness is not purely emotional, however: it also has a cognitive component. When happy people are asked to think back on the conditions and events in their lives, they tend to evaluate these conditions and events positively. Thus, happy people report being satisfied with their lives and the various domains in their lives.
Interestingly, these different components of happiness do not always co-occur within the same person. It is possible that someone could acknowledge that the conditions of his or her life are good ones. and experience satisfaction with life because their work is worthwhile. Similarly, people who spend lots of time engaging pleasures may experience frequent momentary positive emotions Subjective well-being researchers are interested in the various factors that influence these distinct components.
Psychologists are interested in happiness for two reasons. First, psychologists study happiness because laypeople are interested in happiness. When people from around the world are asked to list the things that are most important to them, happiness consistently tops the list. People rank
attaining happiness as being more important than acquiring money, they can help people achieve this goal of being happy by studying the factors that are associated with happiness.
A second reason why psychologists study happiness is because a person's evaluative responses to the world may provide information about the basic characteristics of human nature. One of the most basic principles guiding psychological theory is that people and animals are motivated to approach things in the world that cause pleasure. Presumably, this behavior results from adaptive mechanisms that guide organisms toward resources and human beings have a basic need to experience strong and supportive social relationships. They point to evidence from the field of subjective well-being to support their claim—a person's social relationships are reliably linked to his or her happiness. Thus, cataloging the correlates of happiness should provide important information about the features of human nature.
a yellow smiley face inside a round rainbow
Perhaps more importantly, is when you try to assess happiness in a variety of different ways, these measures all seem to converge on the same answer. For instance, when researchers ask people to provide self-reports of happiness, they tend to agree with informant-reports of happiness—that is, ratings provided by friends and acquaintances. Furthermore, psychological tests—such as those that ask subjects to list as many positive memories as they can within a minute—may also determine who is happy without even asking for an explicit judgment of happiness, and, again, these measures tend to agree with self-reports. When You track people's levels of happiness, most people report being in mildly positive moods most of the time. people to rate their overall life satisfaction, most people report scores that are above neutral. This research finding is not limited to relatively well-off samples (like the college students who are often asked to participate in psychological studies). Instead, it has been replicated in many different populations in many nations around the world. Thus, when one study the correlates of happiness, they are usually looking for factors that distinguish the very happy from the mildly happy.
Predictors of happiness
Psychologists have arrived at several surprising conclusions in their search for predictors of happiness. Many of the factors that may first come to mind do not seem to play a major role in happiness.
Health also plays a role in subjective well-being, Subjective reports (such as a person's own evaluation of his or her health) tend to correlate more strongly. factor that has been most closely linked to high levels of happiness is social relationships. Research consistently shows that people who have strong social relationships tend to report higher levels of well-being. As with other domains, subjective reports of relationship quality and relationship satisfaction tend to exhibit the highest correlations with subjective well-being. But even more objective measures, including the number of close friends a person has, the number of social organizations to which the person belongs, and the amount of time the person spends with others, all show small to moderate correlations with happiness. As one might expect based on this research, specific types of social relationships are also important for subjective well-being. For instance, marital status is one of the strongest demographic predictors of happiness. Married people consistently report higher levels of happiness than single people, who report greater happiness than the widowed, divorced, or separated. Interestingly, however, it does not appear that marriage itself causes higher levels of subjective well-being. Longitudinal studies show that people only receive a small boost in happiness around the time they get married, and they quickly adapt to baseline levels. The differences between married and unmarried people are due primarily to the lasting negative effects of divorce and widowhood, along with selection effects that might actually predispose happy people to marry.
Other determinants
Religious people tend to report greater happiness. Factors such as intelligence, education, and job prestige are also only slightly related to well-being. Happiness does not seem to change dramatically over the course of the life span.
People who are outgoing,
assertive, and sociable tend to report more intense and more frequent positive emotions. The links between happiness and traits (including factors such as optimism and self-esteem) show that personality plays a strong role in people's subjective well-being.
Functions
Although people tend to think about happiness as an outcome that they desire rather than as a tool that can be used to achieve additional goals, psychologists have begun to ask what function happiness serves. One of the best-known theories, 1998, that the function of happiness (or more precisely, the function of positive emotions) is to broaden one's thinking and to build one's resources. According to this theory, positive emotions lead people to think creatively and to try new things. As a result, happy people can develop new ways to approach the world, new interests, new social relationships, and even new physical skills. All of these effects lead to positive outcomes in people's lives.
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Deepa Nilamani ❤
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